辽东铀成矿带连山关地区韧性剪切带与铀成矿作用

连山关地区位于华北克拉通北缘铀成矿省辽东铀成矿带，已知铀矿床（点）均发育在韧性剪切带附近。为了解韧性剪切带运动学、几何学构造变形机制及与铀矿的关系，本文以连山关岩体周缘韧性剪切带为研究对象，通过野外宏观调查和室内微观研究相结合的研究方法，探讨构造变形期次、韧性剪切带形成机理及其对铀成矿的控制作用。研究表明：连山关岩体周缘发育的韧性剪切带与近南北向挤压构造变形有关，其右行韧性剪切带应变类型为压扁应变，属于一般压缩-平面应变范围，Flinn指数K值在0.19~0.69之间，岩石类型属于S/SL型构造岩。研究区内铀矿体均为隐伏盲矿体，主要赋存于沿着连山关岩体和辽河群接触带右行剪切作用形成的背斜褶皱核部，和北东东向断裂关系密切。综合分析认为，连山关岩体南缘北西向韧性剪切带为一级控矿构造，是区内铀矿热液运移的通道，而剪切带边部的晚期北东东向断裂则是铀矿储存空间；铀源可能来自于太古宙古风化壳，并在大型韧性剪切活动（提供热液运移通道）和基性脉岩侵入（提供热源和还原剂）等综合因素作用下运移、富集成矿。     

埋深对恐龙化石的影响效果研究

已发现的恐龙化石大多数埋藏在不同深度的地层中,不同埋深化石所受风化破坏程度不尽相同。为深入研究恐龙化石的风化机理,探究恐龙化石的保护措施和方法,重点分析埋深产生的侧向压力对恐龙化石强度和破坏特性的影响。通过有限差分软件FLAC3D进行数值模拟,揭示埋深因素对恐龙化石保存的影响程度。试验结果表明:围岩对恐龙化石施加的侧向压力是影响恐龙化石变形和强度特性的一个重要因素。在弹性变形阶段,恐龙化石的初始强度、峰值强度随侧向压力的增大而不断增大。当应力超过了恐龙化石极限强度后进入塑性变形,其初始强度、峰值强度逐渐减小,最终达到残余强度。     

布达拉宫旅游商业化的社区治理研究

以社区为出发点，综合旅游商业化、社区治理等相关理论，在布达拉宫及周边社区旅游商业化表征分类的基础上，梳理其社区旅游商业化的治理成效及治理困境。再运用静态博弈模型与决策树，分析布达拉宫及周边社区旅游商业化的治理中各利益主体博弈的过程，并探析治理困境的原因。研究发现，旅游商业化的社区治理受到各利益主体间权力大小和利益选择的影响。政府及相关部门处于强势地位，主导并采取措施治理旅游商业化。布达拉宫的各空间圈层在商业化治理过程和难度上都存在明显差异。引起治理困境的原因主要是“权”与“利”的纠葛、商业化控制的阈限不清晰、利益主体之间的沟通不畅。在主要利益相关者的博弈中，各治理主体共同重构一个相对均衡的“利益－权力”关系结构，以保证社区旅游商业化得以有效治理。     

Land Resource Carrying Capacity in Xilin Gol Grassland Transects: A Perspective on Food Nutritional Demand

Food safety is an important issue for the development of the national economy and society. Studying regional food supply and demand from the perspective of land resource carrying capacity can provide new references for regional resource sustainability. This study uses the data from farmer and herdsmen household questionnaires, statistical data, land use data, and other sources to construct a land resource carrying capacity (LCC) assessment framework, targeting the food supply and demand of residents in representative areas, specifically the typical grassland pastoral areas, sandy pastoral areas and agro-pastoral areas on the Xilin Gol grassland transects. The three food nutritional indicators of calories, protein and fat were selected for analyzing the balance of land resource carrying capacity. We found that: 1) Along the Xilin Gol grassland, the main local food supply showed a shift from meat and milk to grains, vegetables and fruits. 2) From north to south along the grassland transects, the calorie intake increased gradually, while the intake of protein and fat was highest in pastoral areas and lowest in agricultural areas. 3) The overall land resource carrying capacity of the Xilin Gol grassland transects was in a surplus state, but the land carrying capacity of typical grassland pastoral area was higher than the two other types of areas. This study provides an empirical reference for the sustainable development of regional food nutrition.     

浅水多波束测深仪高分辨率波束形成方法研究

常规波束形成技术以其稳健性好、计算量低等特点得到广泛应用,但其空间分辨率受阵元个数限制,不能突破瑞利限。因此,常规波束形成技术应用于高精度浅水多波束测深仪时,存在空间分辨率不足和旁瓣干扰等问题。对比研究了最小方差无失真(MVDR)及多重信号分类(MUSIC)波束形成在浅水多波束测深仪中的应用,给出了浅水多波束测深仪的常规波束形成、MVDR和MUSIC处理方法,并结合能量法和相位法两种底检测测深算法,处理了iBeam8120浅水多波束测深仪外场数据,验证了本文方法的性能。     

Did the “Autochthonous” European foreland of Corsica Island (France) experience Alpine subduction?

Despite the important role played by the Sardinia‐Corsica block in the reconstruction of the Western Mediterranean geodynamics, the extent of involvement of the “Autochthonous” European margin exposed in Corsica (France) (i.e., Hercynian Corsica) in the Alpine orogeny remains uncertain. Stratigraphic and sedimentological studies in the post‐Variscan deposits on the Hercynian Corsica are scarce and even scarcer are the structural and metamorphic constraints. To face these uncertainties, we present new stratigraphic, structural and metamorphic data from the area of Razzo Bianco, Central Corsica, where a complete sequence belonging to the European continental margin is exposed. Field and structural investigations demonstrate that the sequence represents the easternmost edge of the downgoing European plate. Metamorphic studies on the Eocene deposits indicate that the margin was buried at depth up to blueschist facies conditions and, subsequently, it was progressively exhumed mainly through the activation of oblique top‐to‐the NW shear zones.     

山东半岛南北两侧海域真核浮游生物群落特征及与环境因子的相关性分析

为了解山东半岛南北两侧的烟台崆峒岛(KTD)海域和日照东港(DG)海域真核浮游生物群落特征,采用高通量测序技术,以18S rDNA V4区为目标基因,对2017年10月至2018年7月两海域的真核浮游生物多样性进行了检测;同期测定两海域的环境因子(溶解氧、氨氮含量等10个理化指标),并与真核浮游生物丰富度做相关性分析。实验结果表明:通过高通量测序技术共鉴定出浮游生物455种,其中,KTD海域共检测出真核浮游生物36个门类424种;DG海域共检测出真核浮游生物34个门类365种。绿藻门(Chlorophyta)、硅藻门(Diatomea)是两海域浮游植物中整体丰度最高的门类。KTD海域,绿藻门各月丰度在3.0%—21.3%之间,其中2018年7月(K1807)最高,达到了21.3%;硅藻门各月丰度在2.0%—16.59%之间,其中2018年2月(K1802)最高,达到了16.59%。DG海域,绿藻门各月丰度在2.0%—12.3%之间,其中2017年11月份(D1711)最高,达到了12.3%;硅藻门各月丰度在2.0%—47.0%之间,其中1月(D1801)最高,达到了47.0%。占优势地位的浮游动物主要是节肢动物门类的物种,其每月丰度分别在6.0%—38.9%和7.6%—48.6%之间。环境因子相关性分析表明水温、DO、pH、硅酸盐、硝酸盐氮等环境因子为影响该海域浮游生物群落结构的主要因子。研究结果对了解双壳经济贝类养殖区饵料组成及其在时空的变化,对海岸带食物网、生态基础管理和海洋经济贝类养殖生产等方面提供数据支撑。     

德令哈13.7m望远镜多波束接收机的运行

德令哈13.7 m望远镜是中国最重要的射电望远镜之一.望远镜自安装超导成像频谱仪以及采用飞行观测模式以来,运行近10 yr.在此期间,望远镜开展并完成大量的天文观测,累积了巨量的天文数据,取得了一系列重要的科研成果.介绍了超导成像频谱仪在天文观测中的运行状态,运行中疑难问题、故障现象及解决方案.详述了超导成像频谱仪各方面性能测试及多年来的性能分析,包含接收机噪声温度及望远镜系统噪声温度、镜像抑制比、接收机稳定性、波束性能等方面.列举了超导成像频谱仪更新发展方面的工作,包含本振功率自动化调整、边带分离型超导混频器预放大电路的更新、控制程序的优化等.总结经验和规律,承前启后,将过去的超导成像频谱仪的维护运行经验应用到之后新一代大规模接收机系统中.     

Chemical and mineralogical characterization of the Mineo (Sicily,Italy) pallasite: A unique sample

The Mineo pallasite is characterized here for the first time. The only 42 g still available worldwide is part of the collection of the Department of Physics and Geology, University of Perugia. A multianalytical approach was used, joining field-emission scanning electron microscopy, Raman analysis, X-ray powder diffraction, electron-probe microanalysis, and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Results highlighted that (1) the Mineo pallasite belongs to the Main Group pallasites; (2) the silicate component is essentially olivine, with no pyroxene component; (3) the olivine chemical composition varies in terms of both iron and trace elements; (4) the metal phase is essentially kamacite with the taenite mainly found in the plessite structure; (5) phosphide phases are present as schreibersite and barringerite. The observed compositional variability in olivines as well as their occurrence as both angular and rounded crystals suggest that the Mineo pallasite could have been derived from a large impact of a differentiated parent body with a larger solid body. The resulting pallasite conglomerate consists of the compositionally different olivines, likely coming from different areas of the same differentiated parent body, and the residual molten Fe-Ni.     

中印对尼泊尔地缘影响力的演变分析

尼泊尔在地理位置上处于中国和印度包围之中，由于历史原因，其经济、政治、军事等长期受到制约。随着中国“一带一路”倡议的推进和中印近年来领土和国际政治问题的冲突与分歧，尼泊尔正在成为中印新的角力场。本文首先通过构建地缘影响力模型进行演变格局分析与趋势预测，并加入世界环境和区域环境两方面影响因素，运用定性与定量分析结合的方法，预测中、尼、印三国未来战略行动方向。综合以上分析发现：1）2000年—2016年，中国对尼泊尔地缘影响力较于印度对于尼泊尔地缘影响力上升趋势明显，预计在2022年至2023年中、印对尼泊尔地缘影响力达到平衡。2）硬实力是中国对尼泊尔地缘影响力上升的关键因素；软实力和交流互动力是未来中国增强在尼泊尔地缘影响力的发展因素；地理环境是中国对尼泊尔地缘影响力发展的制约因素。3）未来中国将继续实施积极性合作战略，印度形成对中国遏制性防范战略，尼泊尔维持被动性中印平衡战略。